Networks : Topology

Network topology refers to the layout used to wire the computers together. There are four common topologies. Any topology can be used regardless of whether a network is local or wide area, server based or peer-to-peer.

Bus (or Line) Ring

  1. Each computer is connected to a single cable which connects all of the computers.
  2. This is the cheapest network topology as the smallest amount of cabling is required.
  3. If the network cable breaks anywhere then none of the computers can access the network.
  4. Also known as a line network.
  1. Each computer is connected to the two computers on either side of it.
  2. The last computer is linked to the first to form a ring.
  3. If the network cable breaks anywhere then none of the computers can access the network.
Star Hierarchical

  1. All communication takes place via a central computer.
  2. If the central computer fails the whole network will break down.
  3. If one of the network cables breaks only the computer connected to that cable is affected.
  1. The network is organised hierarchically (in different layers).
  2. A hierarchical network is composed of several independent sections linked by hubs.
  3. If one of the independent network sections fails the others can continue to function.

GCSE ICT Companion 04 - (C) P Meakin 2004